Network plot

Function for plotting network objects using ggplot2, with additional control over graphical parameters that are not supported by the ggnet function. Please visit https://github.com/briatte/ggnet for the latest version of ggnet2, and https://briatte.github.io/ggnet/ for a vignette that contains many examples and explanations.

ggnet2(
  net,
  mode = "fruchtermanreingold",
  layout.par = NULL,
  layout.exp = 0,
  alpha = 1,
  color = "grey75",
  shape = 19,
  size = 9,
  max_size = 9,
  na.rm = NA,
  palette = NULL,
  alpha.palette = NULL,
  alpha.legend = NA,
  color.palette = palette,
  color.legend = NA,
  shape.palette = NULL,
  shape.legend = NA,
  size.palette = NULL,
  size.legend = NA,
  size.zero = FALSE,
  size.cut = FALSE,
  size.min = NA,
  size.max = NA,
  label = FALSE,
  label.alpha = 1,
  label.color = "black",
  label.size = max_size/2,
  label.trim = FALSE,
  node.alpha = alpha,
  node.color = color,
  node.label = label,
  node.shape = shape,
  node.size = size,
  edge.alpha = 1,
  edge.color = "grey50",
  edge.lty = "solid",
  edge.size = 0.25,
  edge.label = NULL,
  edge.label.alpha = 1,
  edge.label.color = label.color,
  edge.label.fill = "white",
  edge.label.size = max_size/2,
  arrow.size = 0,
  arrow.gap = 0,
  arrow.type = "closed",
  legend.size = 9,
  legend.position = "right",
  ...
)

Arguments

net: an object of class network, or any object that can be coerced to this class, such as an adjacency or incidence matrix, or an edge list: see edgeset.constructors and network for details. If the object is of class igraph and the intergraph package is installed, it will be used to convert the object: see asNetwork for details.
mode: a placement method from those provided in the sna package: see gplot.layout for details. Also accepts the names of two numeric vertex attributes of net, or a matrix of numeric coordinates, in which case the first two columns of the matrix are used. Defaults to the Fruchterman-Reingold force-directed algorithm.
layout.par: options to be passed to the placement method, as listed in gplot.layout. Defaults to NULL.
layout.exp: a multiplier to expand the horizontal axis if node labels get clipped: see expand_range for details. Defaults to 0 (no expansion).
alpha: the level of transparency of the edges and nodes, which might be a single value, a vertex attribute, or a vector of values. Also accepts "mode" on bipartite networks (see 'Details'). Defaults to 1 (no transparency).
color: the color of the nodes, which might be a single value, a vertex attribute, or a vector of values. Also accepts "mode" on bipartite networks (see 'Details'). Defaults to grey75.
shape: the shape of the nodes, which might be a single value, a vertex attribute, or a vector of values. Also accepts "mode" on bipartite networks (see 'Details'). Defaults to 19 (solid circle).
size: the size of the nodes, in points, which might be a single value, a vertex attribute, or a vector of values. Also accepts "indegree", "outdegree", "degree" or "freeman" to size the nodes by their unweighted degree centrality ("degree" and "freeman" are equivalent): see degree for details. All node sizes must be strictly positive. Also accepts "mode" on bipartite networks (see 'Details'). Defaults to 9.
max_size: the maximum size of the node when size produces nodes of different sizes, in points. Defaults to 9.
na.rm: whether to subset the network to nodes that are not missing a given vertex attribute. If set to any vertex attribute of net, the nodes for which this attribute is NA will be removed. Defaults to NA (does nothing).
palette: the palette to color the nodes, when color is not a color value or a vector of color values. Accepts named vectors of color values, or if RColorBrewer is installed, any ColorBrewer palette name: see RColorBrewer::brewer.pal() and https://colorbrewer2.org/ for details. Defaults to NULL, which will create an array of grayscale color values if color is not a color value or a vector of color values.
alpha.palette: the palette to control the transparency levels of the nodes set by alpha when the levels are not numeric values. Defaults to NULL, which will create an array of alpha transparency values if alpha is not a numeric value or a vector of numeric values.
alpha.legend: the name to assign to the legend created by alpha when its levels are not numeric values. Defaults to NA (no name).
color.palette: see palette
color.legend: the name to assign to the legend created by palette. Defaults to NA (no name).
shape.palette: the palette to control the shapes of the nodes set by shape when the shapes are not numeric values. Defaults to NULL, which will create an array of shape values if shape is not a numeric value or a vector of numeric values.
shape.legend: the name to assign to the legend created by shape when its levels are not numeric values. Defaults to NA (no name).
size.palette: the palette to control the sizes of the nodes set by size when the sizes are not numeric values.
size.legend: the name to assign to the legend created by size. Defaults to NA (no name).
size.zero: whether to accept zero-sized nodes based on the value(s) of size. Defaults to FALSE, which ensures that zero-sized nodes are still shown in the plot and its size legend.
size.cut: whether to cut the size of the nodes into a certain number of quantiles. Accepts TRUE, which tries to cut the sizes into quartiles, or any positive numeric value, which tries to cut the sizes into that many quantiles. If the size of the nodes do not contain the specified number of distinct quantiles, the largest possible number is used. See quantile and cut for details. Defaults to FALSE (does nothing).
size.min: whether to subset the network to nodes with a minimum size, based on the values of size. Defaults to NA (preserves all nodes).
size.max: whether to subset the network to nodes with a maximum size, based on the values of size. Defaults to NA (preserves all nodes).
label: whether to label the nodes. If set to TRUE, nodes are labeled with their vertex names. If set to a vector that contains as many elements as there are nodes in net, nodes are labeled with these. If set to any other vector of values, the nodes are labeled only when their vertex name matches one of these values. Defaults to FALSE (no labels).
label.alpha: the level of transparency of the node labels, as a numeric value, a vector of numeric values, or as a vertex attribute containing numeric values. Defaults to 1 (no transparency).
label.color: the color of the node labels, as a color value, a vector of color values, or as a vertex attribute containing color values. Defaults to "black".
label.size: the size of the node labels, in points, as a numeric value, a vector of numeric values, or as a vertex attribute containing numeric values. Defaults to max_size / 2 (half the maximum node size), which defaults to 4.5.
label.trim: whether to apply some trimming to the node labels. Accepts any function that can process a character vector, or a strictly positive numeric value, in which case the labels are trimmed to a fixed-length substring of that length: see substr for details. Defaults to FALSE (does nothing).
node.alpha: see alpha
node.color: see color
node.label: see label
node.shape: see shape
node.size: see size
edge.alpha: the level of transparency of the edges. Defaults to the value of alpha, which defaults to 1.
edge.color: the color of the edges, as a color value, a vector of color values, or as an edge attribute containing color values. Defaults to "grey50".
edge.lty: the linetype of the edges, as a linetype value, a vector of linetype values, or as an edge attribute containing linetype values. Defaults to "solid".
edge.size: the size of the edges, in points, as a numeric value, a vector of numeric values, or as an edge attribute containing numeric values. All edge sizes must be strictly positive. Defaults to 0.25.
edge.label: the labels to plot at the middle of the edges, as a single value, a vector of values, or as an edge attribute. Defaults to NULL (no edge labels).
edge.label.alpha: the level of transparency of the edge labels, as a numeric value, a vector of numeric values, or as an edge attribute containing numeric values. Defaults to 1 (no transparency).
edge.label.color: the color of the edge labels, as a color value, a vector of color values, or as an edge attribute containing color values. Defaults to label.color, which defaults to "black".
edge.label.fill: the background color of the edge labels. Defaults to "white".
edge.label.size: the size of the edge labels, in points, as a numeric value, a vector of numeric values, or as an edge attribute containing numeric values. All edge label sizes must be strictly positive. Defaults to max_size / 2 (half the maximum node size), which defaults to 4.5.
arrow.size: the size of the arrows for directed network edges, in points. See arrow for details. Defaults to 0 (no arrows).
arrow.gap: a setting aimed at improving the display of edge arrows by plotting slightly shorter edges. Accepts any value between 0 and 1, where a value of 0.05 will generally achieve good results when the size of the nodes is reasonably small. Defaults to 0 (no shortening).
arrow.type: the type of the arrows for directed network edges. See arrow for details. Defaults to "closed".
legend.size: the size of the legend symbols and text, in points. Defaults to 9.
legend.position: the location of the plot legend(s). Accepts all legend.position values supported by theme. Defaults to "right".
...: other arguments passed to the geom_text object that sets the node labels: see geom_text for details.

Details

The degree centrality measures that can be produced through the size argument will take the directedness of the network into account, but will be unweighted. To compute weighted network measures, see the tnet package by Tore Opsahl (help("tnet", package = "tnet")).

The nodes of bipartite networks can be mapped to their mode by passing the "mode" argument to any of alpha, color, shape and size, in which case the nodes of the primary mode will be mapped as "actor", and the nodes of the secondary mode will be mapped as "event".

Author

Moritz Marbach and Francois Briatte, with help from Heike Hofmann, Pedro Jordano and Ming-Yu Liu

Examples

# Small function to display plots only if it's interactive
p_ <- GGally::print_if_interactive

library(network)

# random adjacency matrix
x           <- 10
ndyads      <- x * (x - 1)
density     <- x / ndyads
m           <- matrix(0, nrow = x, ncol = x)
dimnames(m) <- list(letters[1:x], letters[1:x])
m[row(m) != col(m)] <- runif(ndyads) < density
m
#>   a b c d e f g h i j
#> a 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
#> b 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
#> c 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
#> d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
#> e 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
#> f 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
#> g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
#> h 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
#> i 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
#> j 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

# random undirected network
n <- network::network(m, directed = FALSE)
n
#>  Network attributes:
#>   vertices = 10 
#>   directed = FALSE 
#>   hyper = FALSE 
#>   loops = FALSE 
#>   multiple = FALSE 
#>   bipartite = FALSE 
#>   total edges= 12 
#>     missing edges= 0 
#>     non-missing edges= 12 
#> 
#>  Vertex attribute names: 
#>     vertex.names 
#> 
#> No edge attributes

p_(ggnet2(n, label = TRUE))

p_(ggnet2(n, label = TRUE, shape = 15))

p_(ggnet2(n, label = TRUE, shape = 15, color = "black", label.color = "white"))


# add vertex attribute
x = network.vertex.names(n)
x = ifelse(x %in% c("a", "e", "i"), "vowel", "consonant")
n %v% "phono" = x

p_(ggnet2(n, color = "phono"))

p_(ggnet2(n, color = "phono", palette = c("vowel" = "gold", "consonant" = "grey")))

p_(ggnet2(n, shape = "phono", color = "phono"))
#> Warning: Duplicated `override.aes` is ignored.


if (require(RColorBrewer)) {

  # random groups
  n %v% "group" <- sample(LETTERS[1:3], 10, replace = TRUE)

  p_(ggnet2(n, color = "group", palette = "Set2"))

}
#> Loading required package: RColorBrewer


# random weights
n %e% "weight" <- sample(1:3, network.edgecount(n), replace = TRUE)
p_(ggnet2(n, edge.size = "weight", edge.label = "weight"))


# edge arrows on a directed network
p_(ggnet2(network(m, directed = TRUE), arrow.gap = 0.05, arrow.size = 10))


# Padgett's Florentine wedding data
data(flo, package = "network")
flo
#>              Acciaiuoli Albizzi Barbadori Bischeri Castellani Ginori Guadagni
#> Acciaiuoli            0       0         0        0          0      0        0
#> Albizzi               0       0         0        0          0      1        1
#> Barbadori             0       0         0        0          1      0        0
#> Bischeri              0       0         0        0          0      0        1
#> Castellani            0       0         1        0          0      0        0
#> Ginori                0       1         0        0          0      0        0
#> Guadagni              0       1         0        1          0      0        0
#> Lamberteschi          0       0         0        0          0      0        1
#> Medici                1       1         1        0          0      0        0
#> Pazzi                 0       0         0        0          0      0        0
#> Peruzzi               0       0         0        1          1      0        0
#> Pucci                 0       0         0        0          0      0        0
#> Ridolfi               0       0         0        0          0      0        0
#> Salviati              0       0         0        0          0      0        0
#> Strozzi               0       0         0        1          1      0        0
#> Tornabuoni            0       0         0        0          0      0        1
#>              Lamberteschi Medici Pazzi Peruzzi Pucci Ridolfi Salviati Strozzi
#> Acciaiuoli              0      1     0       0     0       0        0       0
#> Albizzi                 0      1     0       0     0       0        0       0
#> Barbadori               0      1     0       0     0       0        0       0
#> Bischeri                0      0     0       1     0       0        0       1
#> Castellani              0      0     0       1     0       0        0       1
#> Ginori                  0      0     0       0     0       0        0       0
#> Guadagni                1      0     0       0     0       0        0       0
#> Lamberteschi            0      0     0       0     0       0        0       0
#> Medici                  0      0     0       0     0       1        1       0
#> Pazzi                   0      0     0       0     0       0        1       0
#> Peruzzi                 0      0     0       0     0       0        0       1
#> Pucci                   0      0     0       0     0       0        0       0
#> Ridolfi                 0      1     0       0     0       0        0       1
#> Salviati                0      1     1       0     0       0        0       0
#> Strozzi                 0      0     0       1     0       1        0       0
#> Tornabuoni              0      1     0       0     0       1        0       0
#>              Tornabuoni
#> Acciaiuoli            0
#> Albizzi               0
#> Barbadori             0
#> Bischeri              0
#> Castellani            0
#> Ginori                0
#> Guadagni              1
#> Lamberteschi          0
#> Medici                1
#> Pazzi                 0
#> Peruzzi               0
#> Pucci                 0
#> Ridolfi               1
#> Salviati              0
#> Strozzi               0
#> Tornabuoni            0

p_(ggnet2(flo, label = TRUE))

p_(ggnet2(flo, label = TRUE, label.trim = 4, vjust = -1, size = 3, color = 1))

p_(ggnet2(flo, label = TRUE, size = 12, color = "white"))

Arguments

Details

See also

Author

Examples